Terraforming ("Earth-shaping") is the hypothetical process of planetary engineering which is deliberately modifying the atmosphere, temperature, topography and ecology to resemble Earth’s environment and to make it habitable by Earth-like life. The concept of Terraforming has developed both from science fiction and actual science. One approach to terraforming involves seeding a sterile planet with microbiological life, followed by the introduction of plant life to increase oxygen production, culminating in the introduction of animal and human species.

TerraDeForming is an imaginary term used by Emil Rashkovski to define the hypothetical opposite process of Terraforming. The photographs represent a perception of our environmental impact as a dominant species. Terraforming and terradeforming are juxtaposed semantically and visually reversing their directions, comparing natural phenomena with manmade ones.

We live in the Anthropocene. Over the last half billion years of Earth's history five mass extinctions of species have occurred due to extreme changes in climate, global sea levels and changes in ocean chemistry. Human impact on the environment has become much more apparent in the last 150 years. During this short period, the Earth’s population has quadrupled to over 8 billion people. Today, humans are drastically altering the environment through urbanization, industrialization, mining, agriculture, dam construction, pollution and oxidation of the oceans, unprecedented deforestation and animal species annihilation. Greenhouse gases are warming up the Earth causing Global climate changes and humans are at least partially to blame. The widespread use of plastics, which persist indefinitely in the environment, forms a significant part of modern technofossils.

1. Copper mine, Pazardzhik province

2. Copper mine close-up view, Pazardzhik province

3. Dry land with gymball, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

4. Traces, Ivaylovgrad reservoir

5. Raft, Ivaylovgrad reservoir

6. Solvay factory Devnya waste pond

7. Copper mine close-up view, Pazardzhik province

8. Plant, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

9. Sorghum field, Sofia province

10. Spring blossom of Eryngium maritimum L., Bulgaria Northern Black Seaside

11. Dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

12. Agriculture field, Central Bulgaria

13. Rapeseed field, Eastern Bulgaria

14. Dry land, Studena reservoir, Sofia province

15. Dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

16. Beglik reservoir festival decoration

17. Dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

18. Object at Ivailovgrad reservoir

19. Dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

20. Dry land, Studena reservoir, Sofia province

21. Cows, dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

22. Plant for mineral-based materials near the town of Kardzhali

23. Limestone quarry, Pazardzhik province

24. Copper mine, Sofia province

25. Harvesting, Eastern Bulgaria

26. Copper mine close-up view, Pazardzhik province

27. “Astronaut”, spring, Rila National Park

28. Snow algae at Okoto lake, Rila National Park

29. Pedal-boat at Solvay factory Devnya waste pond

30. Melting ice, Rila National Park

31. Bulgaria Northern Black Seaside

32. Ancient rock formation, Black sea

33. Stone quarry, Sofia province

34. Melting snow, Rila National Park

35. Okoto lake, Rila National Park

36. “Astronaut” at Okoto lake, Rila National Park

37. Snow algae, Rila National Park

38. Snow algae, Rila National Park

39. Limestone quarry, Pazardzhik provincе

40. Leafless tree, Eastern Bulgaria

41. Handmade vessel, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

42. Storks, dry land, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

43. Sunset over Balkan Mountains, Central Bulgaria

44. Copper mine close-up view, Pazardzhik province

45. “Astronaut” at copper mine, Pazardzhik province, collaboration work *

46. Footprint, Copper mine, Pazardzhik province

47. “Astronaut”, spring, Rila National Park

48. Graffiti, Sofia city outskirts

49. Clouds formation, Eastern Bulgaria

50. The over 1,300 years old Baikushev's pine, Pirin National Park

51. Dinosaur sculpture, Novo selo, Plovdiv province

52. Bulgaria Black Seaside

53. Technofossil, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

54. Technofossil, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

55. Artefact, Stone quarry, Sofia province

56. “Astronaut”, Stone quarry, Sofia province, collaboration work *

57. Artefact, Arda riverbed, Kardzhali province

58. Snow, Rhodope Mauntains

59. “Astronaut”, winter, Vitosha Mountain, Sofia, collaboration work *

60. Batak reservoir, winter

61. Frozen figures, winter, Beglik reservoir

62. Starry sky, Sofia province

Series shot in Bulgaria, 2017-2020

* Collaboration work, part of “Cosmodrome” exhibition, 2019